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Wednesday, 23 October 2013

Roland Barthes


Barthes suggested that narrative works with five different codes which activate the reader to make sense of it:
ENIGMA- A narrative device that teases the audience by presented a puzzle or riddle to be solved
ACTION- Narrative device in which a resolution is produced through action 
SYMBOLIC- Connotation
SEMIC- Denotation 
CULTURAL- A narrative device which the audience can recognise as being part of a culture

Claude Levi Strauss


Claude Levi Strauss examined how stories and myths unconsciously reflect the values and beliefs of a culture. These are usually expressed in the form of binary opposition. A binary opposition is two things that are completely dissimilar. This could be a opposition between:
-Black vs White (race)
-Old vs Young 
-Wealth vs Poor

Vladimir Propp


Propp came up with the theory that in every narrative there is always certain people that can play certain roles, which consist of:
-The Hero: the hero usually leads the narrative and is usually on a quest or trying to solve something. 
The Villain: The villain is usually the character that tries to stop the hero from completing whatever quest they are on
The Princess: This is usually the 'prize' for the hero, normally what the hero is trying to conquer to get to.
The Princesses Father: This is an authoritative figure that offers the reward to the hero.
The Helper: Also known as the sidekick and helps the hero on his way
The Donor: this gives the hero something or a clue that helps them to complete their quest.
The False Hero: usually a rival of the hero, a competition that is not actually helpful, yet wants to be destructive. 

Tzvetan Todorov


Todorov proposed that all narratives whether that be plays, books, music video etc contains these five fundamental stages:
1) Firstly a state of equilibrium meaning everything is okay
2) There is then a disruption of order by an event
3) Then a recognition that there has been a disruption.
4) An attempt to repair the damage of the disruption.
5) A return or restoration of a new equilibrium which is not necessarily the same as the start but peace is restored in some way.



Anderew Goodwin Theory

Student Video Analysis


I really enjoyed the symbolism of the bubble gum as some sort of drug along with using the props (tea cup and kettle) instead of the alcoholic bottles etc. By using this we get a more interesting narrative rather than something that could be classed as cliche going along the route of drugs in more a glamorized way. I also like the use of reversing the video which gives it an artistic, creative feel which goes with the 'indie/alternative' music choice. at 0:51 I like the colour change which shows a change in their relationship, also the deliberate off centred camera which works well. Lighting could have been better at times and the repetition of clips shows there wasn't enough footage which is crucial because in this case it spoils the ending as it looks like they have put something just to fill he space of the song.


This is an extremely successful example which I think was filmed and edited very well. I really like the overlapping and the monochrome filter. The fast cutting and overlapping also fits with the genre of music, which is 'dubstep' and works well with the timing of the song. I also like the camera being faced towards their faces whilst walking which gives a slightly voyeuristic feel to the song. Again the use of reversing the footage is again even more effective.

Monday, 14 October 2013

Richard Dyer Star Theory Essay

A pop stars social status within today’s society means they are seen as figure heads by ‘fans’ and this means they have a great influence on their audience, often resulting in them replicating their fashion style, hairstyles, tattoo’s, make-up etc. According to Richard Dyer’s ‘Star Theory’ there should be a distinguishable difference between a ‘pop performance’ someone who creates music however are not always classed with the famous ‘star’ title and someone who is a commodity constructed by management team with a particular persona, however are not actually ‘real’ people. Dyer believes that the title of a pop performer and a pop star have becomes synonymous and interchangeable. He also states the process; Stars as construction, industry and audience, ideology and culture, character and personality and fandom.
 
  As stated by Dyer in Stars, pop stars are constructed, artificial, even if they are represented as being ‘real people’ experiencing real emotions etc. We can see this construction process happen with many stars however an extremely relevant example would be Miley Cyrus. She started as a young country singer on a Disney channel and now has been completely changed. She now has a new image which is meant to be a wild new young Miley. She cut her hair and style, changed her music and who she is working with for example associating with trap rapper Juicy J and doing semi-nude shoots with Terry Richardson. Not forgetting her extremely raunchy performance with Robin Thicke at the VMA’s in which she was extremely sexual on stage. However this opened her up to a wider audience for either good or bad reasons, whatever anybody thought of her she was being talked about everywhere! Miley’s fans and people that are not even normal fans of Miley have taken on aspects of her image, many girls have copied her hair style and fashion sense.
 
                Another pop star that has an impact on their audience in many ways is Kanye West. When Kanye West performed in a leather skirt and Givenchy there was a sudden change in many peoples fashion style. Givenchy prints and skirt front trousers had suddenly found their way into many fans wardrobes. His fandom, which is a subculture of people that have a common interest in the same topic, in this case Mr West have a fascination with going to extremes of believing Kanye is a God, which was heavily influenced by his Yeezus album in which he is on a crucifix. In an interview he even says himself ‘I am God’ and many of his fans believe this themselves. He also uses ‘illuminati symbols’ in videos which causes controversy but many of his fans believe in this ‘satanic lifestyle’ and even changed their opinions on religious figures due to his opinions.






 
Overall pop stars have a heavy influence on their fans due to construction of the stars and how they are presented to their audience in a way that they are seen as a ‘real person’ in order to allow their audience to have an emotional response therefore creating a solid fan base.